Ithusi Eliyikristalu Elilodwa Liyavela Njengomuntu Oshintsha Umdlalo Ekukhiqizeni Ama-Semiconductor

_{Imboni ye-semiconductor yamukela ithusi le-singlecrystal (SCC) njengento ephumelelayo yokubhekana nezidingo zokusebenza ezikhulayo ekwakhiweni kwe-chip okuthuthukisiwe. Ngokukhuphuka kwama-node enqubo ye-3nm ne-2nm, ithusi le-polycrystalline lendabuko—elisetshenziswa ezinhlanganisweni nasekuphathweni kokushisa libhekene nemikhawulo ngenxa yemingcele yokusanhlamvu evimbela ukuhanjiswa kukagesi kanye nokushabalaliswa kokushisa. I-SCC, ebonakala ngesakhiwo sayo se-atomic lattice esiqhubekayo, inikeza ukuhanjiswa kukagesi okucishe kuphelele kanye nokufuduka kwe-electro okuncishisiwe, okuyibeka njengesivuseleli esibalulekile sama-semiconductor esizukulwane esilandelayo.
Izinkampani eziholayo zokukhiqiza ezifana ne-TSMC ne-Samsung seziqalile ukuhlanganisa i-SCC kuma-chip e-highperformance computing (HPC) kanye nama-accelerator e-AI. Ngokufaka esikhundleni se-polycrystalline copper kuma-interconnect, i-SCC yehlisa ukumelana ngamaphesenti afinyelela ku-30, okwandisa isivinini sama-chip kanye nokusebenza kahle kwamandla. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuhanjiswa kwayo okuphezulu kokushisa kusiza ekunciphiseni ukushisa ngokweqile kumasekethe agcwele kakhulu, kwandise isikhathi eside sedivayisi.
Naphezu kwezinzuzo zayo, ukwamukelwa kwe-SCC kubhekene nezinselele. Izindleko zokukhiqiza eziphakeme kanye nezinqubo zokukhiqiza eziyinkimbinkimbi, njengokufakwa kwe-chemical vapor (CVD) kanye nokufakwa kwe-precision annealing, kusalokhu kuyizithiyo. Kodwa-ke, ukubambisana kwemboni kuqhuba izinto ezintsha; izinkampani ezintsha ezifana ne-Coherent Corp. muva nje zembule indlela ye-SCC wafer engabizi kakhulu, yanciphisa isikhathi sokukhiqiza ngo-40%.
Abahlaziyi bemakethe babikezela ukuthi imakethe ye-SCC izokhula ku-22% CAGR kuze kube ngu-2030, iqhutshwa yizidingo ezivela ku-5G, i-IoT, kanye ne-quantum computing. Njengoba abenzi be-chip becindezela imikhawulo yoMthetho kaMoore, ithusi le-singlecrystal lilungele ukuchaza kabusha ukusebenza kwe-semiconductor, okuvumela ama-electronics asheshayo, apholile, futhi athembeke kakhulu emhlabeni jikelele.}

_{Izinto zikaRuiyuan ezenziwe ngekristalu eyodwa zethusi zibe ngumdlali obalulekile emakethe yaseShayina njengendima ebalulekile ekuthuthukiseni imikhiqizo emisha nokunciphisa izindleko kumakhasimende ethu. Silapha ukuzonikeza izixazululo kuzo zonke izinhlobo zemiklamo. Xhumana nathi noma nini uma udinga ikhambi elenziwe ngokwezifiso.}